Excessive hydration

How many of our rivers are on the banks of our shrines like drinking water?

In Delhi, when Yamuna cuts 5 km from Wazirabad to Okhla, it becomes so dirty that its water is neither drinkable nor washable.

Rivers have been a livelihood of people from the east. In India, she is considered a mother. The culture and membership of our country was on the banks of these rivers and has flourished. The small towns and villages of our country are situated along the banks of the river, small or large. Sri Krishna also lived in Gokul village on the banks of the river Yamuna and in childhood many green fields along the banks of the river Yamuna are described in our Puranas.

That is, the name of the river Yamuna has been linked to Sri Krishna. Today, when we look at the plight of the river Yamuna, do we know that this is the same river on which Sri Krishna lived? There are many historical sites along the banks of the river Yamuna. Delhi, the capital of India, is also on its shores, with many holy places and temples along its shores.

Not only that, many factories and major historic cities are also on the shore. Could this be the name of our glorious river-death? When the amount of oxygen dissolved in the river is reduced, the fish and other springs living in the river cannot survive. The water of that river cannot be drunk but it cannot be used for bathing and washing.

The origin of the Yamuna originates from the Yamunotri in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand. Hindus consider Yamunotri to be one of the four charms. It crosses some towns and cities about 5 km from there and meets the Ganges in Prayag. Their confluence is considered very sacred and a place of pilgrimage. Today, the river Yamuna flows with this 3 km of dirt. The Yamuna stretch of Etawah from Delhi is highly polluted.

It mixes the void and dirt of Faridabad, Gurgaon, Karnal, Panipat, Sonepat, Yamunanagar, Ghaziabad, Muzaffarnagar, Noida, Saharanpur, Mathura, Vrindavan, Agra and Etawah. It contains water containing cancers, industrial wastes, feces coming from homes, urine and waste, sewage, wastewater. Because of this he is not eligible for drinking water but he is also ineligible for bathing and washing.

The condition of the Yamuna flow and its water quality is really worrying. The Yamuna basin is going down by 5.5 meters per year. In the summer its flow is reduced to five cubic meters a second. It is much lower than the required flow. The required flow should be at least 1 cubic meter per second so that the amount of waste drawn into the river will be diminished.

The history of capital Delhi is basically linked to the Yamuna. Yamuna river enters Delhi from Wazirabad Dam and passes through Okhla Dam. In this way, it cuts 5 km from Delhi. In the meantime, large quantities of dirt, debris, household waste and industrial waste are poured into it. Due to this, the sacred river becomes a sewer at a slow pace. It is made up of dirty waste, plastic, and toxic chemicals.

Of course, Delhi is only two percent of the total area of ​​the river Yamuna, but it accounts for 5 percent of its pollution burden. From Wazirabad to Okhla, Yamuna is one of the world's most threatened river ecosystems. The current state of this holy river, covering an area of ​​5 km in Delhi, is truly tragic. (Step by step)

We also need to measure the amount of water pollution in Yamuna. Water contains organisms. It needs oxygen. Without oxygen it cannot survive. The river's water loses its color and quality throughout its 3-kilometer path to Delhi. It needs more and more oxygen to maintain it. It is called 'Biochemical Oxygen Demand', in short, 'BOD'. This demand has increased a lot right now. At present, the demand has risen to 5 milligrams per liter.

That means 3 milligrams of oxygen is needed in one liter of water. While it has only three milligrams of oxygen in one liter of water right now. On the other hand, the oxygen contained in water is dissolved in it, which is called 'Dizolve Oxygen' (DO). It is used by organisms. Right now its dose is zero. When that dose should be at least five milligrams per liter.

In addition, the proportion of certain types of bacteria has increased. One group of bacteria, called coli-forms, is in our gastric and intestine. The amount of these bacteria, usually in water, should not exceed 3 millimeters per millimeter. Therefore, in the Yamuna waters of Delhi, the proportion is estimated at 8.5 million.

Pollution of river water is mainly due to sewage, sewage disposal, chemical chemicals of industries, animal bodies, house waste, worship material, sub-basin in coastal land and construction of unauthorized settlements. According to the report of the Central Pollution Control Board, only 10 million liters of sewage is collected every day in the 5 km long stream of Yamuna from Delhi alone. While the capacity of sewage treatment is only 10 million liters per day.

On the banks of the river and on the banks of rivers of muddy water, there are a slum of 1.5 huts. These slums contribute greatly to Yamuna's pollution. They store all kinds of garbage and waste directly into it. In addition, unauthorized settlements and slums waste their homes in slums. It drains the sewer and closes it, the use of 'flyash' in the river bed also pollutes the water.

During the festivals like Dussehra, Durga Puja and Diwali, people have been caught in the past few years due to the pollution caused by drowning in idols and idols.

Is coming It is estimated that it contains about 5 tonnes of color, about 5 tonnes of oil and polish, and has an abundance of flowers, leaves, coconut shells and rings, grasses and linen and bamboo.

Due to the large amount of construction activity on the river bank, the problem of pollution has increased and the problem of inadequate flow of the river has also increased. The width of the river has dropped from three and a half kilometers to half a kilometer. Due to construction and throwing debris into the river, the flow of the river has been harmed. This problem is a major problem due to the drainage of sewage treatment facilities, inadequate toilet facilities, lack of public awareness and neglect of sanitation.

This does not mean that no steps have been taken to pollute the water of the Yamuna, but for various reasons it has resulted in failure. Different organizations have spent over Rs 1 crore but it has not yielded any concrete results. Instead, Yamuna has actually become more polluted these years.

The Delhi Development Authority had planned a three-phase plan for the purification of Yamuna three decades ago. It includes one of the matters according to which the water purification plant on every dirt volatile in the Yamuna river is to be set up before its water falls into the river, the second is to build a canal parallel to the river, which connects all the volatiles and refines the water in it to Haryana for irrigation. And the third is to fix the waterway of the river Yamuna and make the river bank equal to the width of the river and let it drain Make crockery by allowing water to remain in Delhi in the rain.

But this plan did not come into force. The Yamuna Action Plan KJ, which had a 3-kilometer stretch of Delhi, to improve water quality in adjacent Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, did not produce any significant improvement despite spending Rs. Out of the thirty volatile water purification plants, barely ten fully functioned, only 1 percent of their purification can be done in 100 million liters of water. The remaining 5% is drained into the river.

In the 5th, the Delhi Jal Board prepared an ambitious plan for the purification of the river Yamuna, at a cost of Rs. It does not interfere with the large three sewers that can be called the Yamuna, so that untreated sewage water does not go into the river. Accordingly, by 3, Delhi would have got clean water of Yamuna, but this scheme also failed.

Recently, the Noida Authority plans to set up four plants on the Yamuna and Hindowan banks for purification of waste water and by releasing Noida's wastewater into the Yamuna by the end of the year. According to the plan, water purification plants are planned to be used as fertilizer by irrigating the water they receive from it and by drying the ditches for construction.

There are reasons behind the failures so far. For one, the water treatment of sewage-like sewers is very expensive. One million liters of water a day goes to Rs 1 lakh. Sewage treatment plants are scarce and some are not operational. On the other hand, there are more than 3 huts on the banks of the Yamuna. It is a difficult task to move them as there is no land available for them.

Most importantly, a lot of organizations are being involved in the purification work of Yamuna. According to the proverb, 'Zazi Suyani pays wages' this work does not proceed successfully. For example, the Department of Environment gives priority to forestry one kilometer wide on the path to Yamuna, while the Delhi Development Authority wants to construct parks and recreation areas that require the construction of concrete.

The Yamuna river beyond Wazirabad has collapsed and has almost died. Getting back to its roots is a very difficult task. But there are other instances in the world where the situation can be improved. In the United States, the Hudson River in New York is similar to that of the Yamuna 3 years ago, but it has returned to its roots with constant effort and public participation. Why not try and refine the river Yamuna? This requires a comprehensive and timely program so that Yamuna can regain its glory.

The river is not just a stream of water. These include river sediments, local ecology and riverbanks.

The area of ​​the river stretch from Wazirabad to Okhla in Delhi is 6 square kilometers. The entire river bed consists of rough granular sand up to 5 m high. It is the key to recharge the river bed. A large part of the river bed has disappeared due to the large amount of concrete works. Due to construction and some bridges, the floodplain has fallen and the drainage capacity of the river has declined drastically due to the increased humidity.

The present width of the river Yamuna should be maintained at any cost. Excess construction and payroll should not be allowed. The unauthorized habitat on the river bed should be removed and settled elsewhere.

Before Wazirabad, the river flows after Wazirabad due to the large amount of river water being used for drinking and irrigation. Steps should be taken to increase the flow of the river. Disposal of sewage water in the river should be stopped. Excessive water flows into the river and improves flow, removing regular mud and mud at the bottom of the river.

In Delhi itself, about 8% of water is consumed due to leakage. It should be closed. Walls should be made on both sides of the river so that the width of the river bed does not decrease.

There should be an intermediary organization that monitors the work of all the institutions working for the cleaning and maintenance of the Yamuna. The central organization should be one that is efficient, avoids bribery and coordinates the functioning of another organization well.

Supreme Court The deadline for purification of Yamuna was given by 7 in the 5th. Recently, the Supreme Court had expressed displeasure over the indifference of the authorities and ordered that the Central Government, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Haryana governments implement a project to protect the river in the next six months.