Iceberg threatens 40% of the world's population ...

- Future Science-KR Chowdhury

This week's latest news is environmentally friendly. The effects of which are to be seen in the coming decade. The first news, for the past few decades, is that the Pine Island ice shelf, located on the West Antarctic ice sheet, is getting thinner as a result of climate change. Over time, the entire ice sheet will loosen and begin to move slowly across the ocean. Understandably, a giant floating island will come into the ocean. The other news is a bit more serious. Due to climate change, the ice sheets in the polar region will begin to melt, proving dangerous when some fragments float in the icy ocean or ocean. In the true sense of the word, icebergs are more meaningful than icebergs. Note that this event will affect 90% of the world's population. Repeat will affect 90% of the world's population. If this continues, the surface of the earth's oceans will rise four feet [200 m] by the year 500 AD. Coastal towns and small islands will be completely submerged in the sea. The story does not end here. This incident will be followed by other environmental problems. Which science calls the 'climate domino effect'. In the midst of which we have not done.

Iceberg: Glaciers have begun to form on the shores of the North and South Poles, on ice sheets. Greenland had a massive ice sheet the size of Western Europe. Due to the collision between the glacier and the sea, the glacier was breaking apart. As a result of such collisions, between 10,000 and 15,000 glaciers are released each year from the glaciers on the west coast of Greenland and into the sea. They ranged in size from a giant piano to a 150-meter-long sheet of ice. On a 150-meter-long sheet of ice, if the Empire State Building is toppled, very little of the ice will come out. The largest Arctic iceberg ever seen (the word iceberg here is very small) was 11 kilometers long and 7.5 kilometers wide. Which was spotted near Buffin Island on the 19th. Hans Hadtoft, a Danish cargo ship, was wrecked on the 17th due to an avalanche. The sinking of the Titanic and the emotional aftershocks it caused were enough to shake the whole world. To prevent this from happening again, an international conference was convened in 1914. It was proposed to have an organization to warn against avalanches and a patrol team to be present when there is a danger in the sea. Finally, in 1918, the International Iceberg Patrol was born. Which patrols an area of ​​16 million square kilometers. Their ultimate goal was to break the iceberg with machine guns, torpedoes, bombs and self-fire, eliminating the danger. Which is not effective. The reason?

The limelight of the Titanic disaster

The evening of April 15, 1917, had fallen. A huge iceberg was slowly advancing in the seas of Newfoundland. So far it has covered a distance of three thousand kilometers. There was a time when it was part of a glacier in western Greenland. But it began to break down because of the Gulfstream. Eventually loosening up she was moving on. The first ship to sail from Southampton to New York, the Titanic, received several warnings. Yet the captain and comrades of the Titanic continued their voyage. It was about midnight when the 5,000-ton Titanic finally collided with a 150-foot-long iceberg. Tourists and shipbuilders alike knew that the Titanic would not sink. Yet the Titanic fell into two pieces. Water seeped into the Titanic's 12 watertight compartments. The speed of the ship was 3 nautical miles. Which does not count more. If we compare it with the speed of our vehicle, the speed is 40 kilometers per hour. The real trouble was created by 5,000 tons of water that had penetrated the ship's shore (Renan). This caused a lot of strain in the middle of the ship. At 09:30 pm, the whole ship disappeared from the surface of the water. More than 1,200 people lost their lives. However, this phenomenon started due to avalanches and avalanches that started 2000 years ago. Each season brings a new avalanche and the old snow accumulates, putting more pressure on it. Due to which the old accumulated ice was crushed and turned into stone. The granular ice that accumulates on the surface is known as "firn". Thus began the birth and reign of icebergs near Greenland at the North Pole.

Snow, snow and ice: Kuch kaheta hai sawan

Glacier snow is not like the ice that freezes in your freezer when you see it snowing. Glacier snow, due to the snow falling every year, comes under pressure. The last layer of ice is under a lot of pressure. Because of this, the ice density of glacial ice is higher than that of ice deposited in freshwater, more than seawater. It behaves like a stone. Sometimes air bubbles are trapped between the ice. As the ice shrinks. The bubbles inside also shrink. When the ice melts. The air inside makes a whistling sound as it exits. Which scientists call "Bergy seltzer". Every year new layers of ice accumulate. As a circular ring is created in the trunk of a tree every year. In the same way, one layer is added to the polar ice every year. The age of the ice can be ascertained from it, ice samples are useful for looking into the past. By studying ice, scientists can prepare weather reports for the last one and a half million years. As important as a rock sample to a geologist. As well as understanding climate change, samples of polar ice caps are useful. From the air bubbles trapped in the ice, one can also know the amount of different gases in the atmosphere at that time. In addition the temperature of that time can be studied. The polar ice caps show that 'Earth's atmosphere has been warming for the last 10,000 years. Only by studying it have scientists been able to determine that '15,000 years ago today, the' Ice Age 'was slowly beginning.'

"Earth System Dynamic"

A research paper published in the journal Earth System Dynamics forces us to open our eyes and take action. According to the Paris Climate Agreement decided at the Paris Climate Conference held in Paris in 2015, the countries of the world will try to 'raise the average temperature of the earth by less than two degrees.' But if we run away from the set target or as late as five years, there are opportunities for drastic change in the climate. The effects of climate change are likely to extend from the West South Pole to Greenland. From the Gulf Stream of the Atlantic Ocean to the Amazon rainforest, the monster of environmental damage can spread its claws. This is called the 'Climate Domino Effect'. According to one estimate, the sea level is expected to rise by four feet, or 1.50 meters, by the year 200. Long-term climate change will cause the ice at the South Pole and Greenland to melt. We have to draw maps of the coast again. As the sea level rises, the city of London, from Shanghai to London, from Florida to Bangladesh, and perhaps a whole nation called the Maldives, will sink to the bottom of the ocean.

According to a United Nations report, 60 percent of the world's population, or 4.5 billion people, live in coastal areas. In the United States alone, 12.5 million people live in coastal areas. If the Thwits Glacier in West Antarctica breaks, global sea levels could rise by as much as 10 feet (5 meters). The Pine Island Glacier is already responsible for 9% of Antarctica's ice loss so far. Between 2016 and 2020, a large part of this pine island iceberg has collapsed and is moving into the Emdsen Sea. In the next two decades, Antarctica's Pine Island Glacier is likely to break apart. If this happens, the sea level is likely to rise to 1.5 feet or half a meter.

If, according to the Paris Agreement, the world does not work, the longer we wait, the more damage will be done. The period of delay every five years after 2020 will take our sea level up to eight inches or 30 centimeters. Scientists say the next 50 years will be critical for us. As the ice thickness of the polar region decreases, it means that the ice sheet is melting. Which will prove to be the starting point of future problems i.e. ground zero.