Comes at full speed ... hydrogen car

- Nitin Gadkari wants to have 1 million hydrogen cars running in India by 2030

- Jakars on petrol-diesel will reduce pollution

- Hotline-Bhalchandra Jani

- Hydrogen cars are not a viable option at the present stage. This is because of the exorbitant costs behind the complex process of production, storage and consumption of hydrogen gas.

What happens to vehicles running on the road when not even a drop of payroll and diesel is available? Chakka is jammed. All vehicles stop where they are. It's true. But scientists have been searching for an alternative for three decades that would allow vehicles to run and not require petrol or diesel. One such promising fuel is hydrogen.

The issue of developing a hydrogen-powered motor car is one of the most important policy decisions taken by the Government of India to adopt 'green technology' on the occasion of Environment Day just four months ago. Nitin Gadkari has fixed the year 2020. It is determined that at least one million vehicles in India will be using hydrogen fuel by 2020.

Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari recently said that the import of petrol-diesel should be reduced and also the pollution of fuel should be reduced. Currently we will use biofuel, methanol, electric vehicles, biodiesel, CNG and LPG and LNG if needed. But let's not let the petrol-diesel monopoly or grandstanding continue.

What is special about electric vehicles is that their global sales have increased by 150 per cent compared to last year. Petrol costs Rs 10 per km, diesel Rs 8 and electric vehicles Rs. It costs one rupee.

The government has formed a high-level committee to start using hydrogen as an alternative fuel in the country. And all the preparations have been made decades ago to finalize the 'National Hydrogen Energy Road Map'. The government plans to take this step, inspired by the United States, Germany and Iceland, where hydrogen-fueled vehicles have been marketed on an experimental basis. Currently this technology is very expensive. The cost of generating one kilowatt of energy from hydrogen is three thousand dollars, while the cost of generating energy from conventional fuels is only ડો 30.

Bhabha Atomico Research Center (BARC) Director Dr. S. Banerjee said that various laboratories in the country are engaged in developing various technologies for the production, storage and transport of hydrogen. We are confident that India will be able to use hydrogen as an alternative fuel by 202. Scientists at BARC are also positive that they will be ready by the year 208 to produce hydrogen with the necessary design and materials for a 500-megawatt high-temperature nuclear reactor. The product will be based on hydrogen, a by-product of various chemical industries, he said.

Hydrogen burns four times more efficiently than fossil fuels. In addition, the use of a mixture of hydrogen with CNG as a fuel can reduce the dependence on countries with rich fossil fuels such as Iran.

In India, Tata Motors' Indigo, Mahindra & Mahindra's Scorpio and two light commercial vehicles and a three-wheeler have been tested to test the effectiveness of this fuel. The main objective of this research is to find the right mixture of hydrogen and CNG. An experimental test is planned after the results of this research are found. In the first year of this pilot test, laboratory testing will be done and in the second year, each vehicle will be driven about 30,000 kilometers for test driving. With the help of this road test it will be possible to know whether this vehicle with new fuel is effective for a long time if it is run on a daily basis. During this test, the situation will be re-evaluated every 10,000 km.

Hydrogen cars are not a viable option at the present stage. This is because of the exorbitant costs behind the complex process of production, storage and consumption of hydrogen gas. If we look only in terms of fuel, the current price of petrol is Rs 105 to Rs 115 per liter, while we have to pay Rs 500 for the same amount of hydrogen used to get energy.

Hydrogen is extremely flammable that burns instantly. There was no spark or fire. The reason why the age of giant airplanes passed away seven decades ago was that they sometimes became fireballs in the high sky. This gas was only to be stored in airplanes, but there was an excuse to burn it, so what danger does it pose in motor vehicles where it has to be burned properly? Suppose the motor had an accident and the tank broke. When a normal car's tank breaks down and petrol bursts, it doesn't really catch fire, but it would be surprising if the hydrogen tank's leak doesn't explode!

Providing for a hydrogen tank in a motor car is another problem. Hydrogen must always be stored in a liquid form for a proper supply, and after liquefaction it must be kept at a pressure of about 2,000 pounds per square inch. If this pressure is moved then the hydrogen liquid starts to evaporate back into gas. This means that the liquid hydrogen tank must be strong and heavy enough to withstand a lot of pressure. In fact, if the liquid hydrogen is one pound, then the weight of the tank is 5 pound. In sum, it is expensive. This is why the mini hydrogen car made in Japan a decade ago failed.

The third problem with hydrogen is where to get its steady supply. Thus, there is no other element in the universe as extensive as hydrogen. About 7% of the universe is made up of it. Only on earth if there is a loss! It is true that hydrogen would have been present at the birth of the earth five billion years ago, but the air, which weighs barely 12 times more than air, could not hold the earth's gravity and flew into open space. Today hydrogen remains to be released through the process of dissolution. This process is expensive. Hence the special expensive process is to give it a liquid form by hard pressure. It may be that one-second or one-third of the energy gained from burning hydrogen is spent on hydrogen production and liquefaction. Is it wrong to put a cross in the name of hydrogen as fuel instead of doing business in this way?

Another problem with hydrogen as seen earlier was about fire. The slightest leak of liquid hydrogen from a tank during an accident involving a motor causes a fire to break out immediately, but such fears are unfounded for metallic hydrite. Hydrogen gas is not usually released even after the tank is cut, as the heat required for it is not available in the open air. In fact, the hydrogen contained inside the hydride should be considered safer than petrol.

When millions of vehicles use hydrogen in the heat of the day, where to get the bulk supply is also a big problem. The world produces 10,000 billion cubic feet of hydrogen each year, and almost all of the supplies are used as raw materials to make chemical fertilizers as well as plastics. Not as fuel. If you consider hydrogen as a fuel and burn it, it is said to be more expensive than gold. Not only does this gas exist independently on Earth, but it has to be released from the water by the process of electrolysis. In India, an organization called IGIB in Delhi is also conducting experiments to obtain hydrogen by biological method.

Scientists hope that the economics of hydrogen can be changed by solar energy in the future. The plant continues to generate electricity on the basis of very large megawatts and by passing its electric current through the water source, one atom of oxygen as well as two atoms of hydrogen can be separated. The precondition is that silicon cells should be fairly cheap and accessible to solar cells. According to one estimate, if solar cells were spread over an area of ​​3,000 square miles of desert, enough hydrogen gas could be produced to cover the entire United States! And where is the shortage of water for raw materials? In the oceans of the world, about 20 million miles of water flows.

On the other hand, after burning hydrogen, the millions of motors that emit steam will re-form clouds, irrigate the oceans with rainwater, release hydrogen from the water, and so on.

With such a calculation in mind, a large capacity of green (clean) hydrogen is being built in the country under the National Hydrogen Mission. The government has set a target of 20 gigawatts of clean hydrogen capacity under this mission.

News has just come that Indian Railways has taken a big step under the National Hydrogen Energy Mission to make a historic decision to run the train through a hydrogen fuel cell. The Indian Railway Organization of Alternative Fuel (IROAF) The section has called for tenders for retrofitting a Diesel Electrical Multiple Unit (DEMU) to run on hydrogen fuel based technology. For the first time in the country, tenders have been called for running trains with hydrogen fuel.

It will be powered by a hydrogen fuel cell by converting two racks of the first Demu trains in India. The narrow gauge engine will then be converted to a hydrogen fuel cell system. After that the locopilot will not be bothered in any way.

Converting a diesel-powered Demu to a hydrogen cell technique would save Rs 4.5 crore per annum and reduce emissions of 11.15 kg of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and 0.2 kg of carbon particles per year.

The hydrogen fuel cell is considered to be the cleanest energy model ever. After the success of this experiment, all engines running on diesel will be converted into hydrogen fuel cell engines.

Many Indian scientists are focusing on fuel cell technology instead of using hydrogen directly as fuel. The United States and Japan are also interested in this revolutionary invention. This is a technology in which the battery will be arranged instead of filling the motor tank with hydrogen. Which does not require frequent charging. In this battery the electrodes will be filled by tapping around the electrolyte. Oxygen will pass through one and hydrogen will pass through the other from which electrical energy will be generated. Since no fuel is burned anywhere in the process, there is no question of smoke escaping. Thus, in the next few years, vehicle pollution will be greatly reduced.