Oxygen is a colorless and odorless gas. Organisms live by getting oxygen from the air through breathing. It is also useful in many industries, science tools. In steel furnaces, its use in welding flames is well known. Oxygen cools to minus 12 degrees and turns into a brown liquid. It is used as a rocket fuel.
Oxygen is abundant only on Earth. It has existed since the origin of the earth. But it was identified by a scientist named Joseph Priestley in 18 AD and named 'Oxygen' by a scientist named Levoisit. In Greek, 'oxy' means sour or acid and genus means to produce. Scientists believed that oxygen was needed to produce every acid. Hence its name. Welding was invented in 1901. Robert Goddard of the United States launches a rocket using oxygen for the first time in 18. Oxygen can be released from the air by cryogenic distillation. This oxygen is used in hospitals.
The dry air of the earth's atmosphere contains 41% oxygen. Oxygen is not a flammable gas but its presence stimulates other flammable substances. The combustion process requires the presence of oxygen. The earth's crust contains the highest amounts of silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, and oxygen.
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