Geo-engineering solutions for climate change

- Discovery-Dr. Vihari shadow

- Mankind is axing the very branch on which it is standing. This has created an extraordinary situation

The biggest challenge facing the world today is why reduce the world's carbon dioxide emissions? The rising level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a matter of great concern. Atmospheric temperatures rise mainly as carbon dioxide and to some extent other gases such as methane, nitrogen oxides, chloro fluoro carbon etc. increase in the atmosphere. If this continues then the world's environment is undergoing such drastic changes that we will have to make major changes in our personal and social lives. According to experts, we have very little time in which we can reduce our carbon dioxide emissions or we could be in big trouble.

The natural system of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is failing. This arrangement is first planted in the form of greenery, trees and forests. Plants process photosynthesis to make food for themselves, absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen. On the one hand, trees and forests are being cut down and on the other hand, due to population growth and industrialization, carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases are being released into the atmosphere.

Global warming is the increase in the average global temperature caused by carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere. The oceans have warmed to a depth of 4,000 meters, the sea level has risen by 2.5 millimeters each year, or the temperature has risen by 0.15 degrees Celsius a year, glaciers are melting, days and nights are faster than ever before. It's getting hotter. Thus the situation is getting worse day by day.

Thus the ax is being struck on the very branch on which mankind itself is standing. This has created an extraordinary situation. Extraordinary measures should be taken for that. There is a need to show a new approach instead of the traditional measures of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reforestation. Science and technology are ready to show such new approaches through geo-engineering. Geo-engineering means change in the climate system by human intervention. In 2015, a report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), an intergovernmental panel on climate change in the United Nations, highlighted the need for geo-engineering as an immediate and necessary solution to the catastrophic rise in temperature.

There are currently two main approaches under the umbrella of Geo Engineering: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Solar Radiation Management. This includes some proposals to cool the earth. It has sunshade, which means creating a giant umbrella-like situation or using carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

One of them is 'artificial trees'. Artificial trees are a technique that will absorb carbon dioxide directly into the atmosphere. We know that natural green plants also absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. But now it is inadequate. So artificial trees are thought of. The question is, what about artificial trees? It is a geo-engineering solution. If carbon dioxide can be removed from the air and stored underground in that way, we will be able to counteract the worst effects of climate change. The big problem is that the work of sucking up carbon dioxide is very expensive. According to many estimates, the cost of absorbing a ton of carbon dioxide is close to a thousand dollars. But it could probably cost a lot less in the future.

Another solution is an ambitious plan. It has plans to move the westerly winds. Due to changes in temperature and atmospheric pressure in the Southern Ocean, these westerly winds have been pushing three to four degrees (latitude) to the south in the last 20 years. In this way the westerly ocean currents moved by the westerly winds became stronger and therefore hot and salty water came to the surface. It accelerated the melting of Antarctic ice. One expert suggested that the addition of iron particles to the waters of the Southern Ocean greatly increased the growth of microorganisms called phytoplankton. Phytoplankton releases a chemical called methyl sulfide into the atmosphere. This chemical helps in forming the cloud point. More point means more white cloud. It throws more solar energy away from the earth. According to one expert, the regional temperature could drop by five degrees Celsius in this way. This can push the rising west winds back to their original position. However, not much is known about its side effects. Point five to a small area can dramatically change the distribution of freezing rain. Similarly, little is known about the impact of the rapid growth of phytoplankton on marine life.

The third suggestion is that clouds in the stratosphere can quickly cool the earth. This is because of the sulfate particles in it. The level of the Earth's upper atmosphere between 10 km and 20 km is called stratosphere. Sea salt or a lot of other salt is sprinkled on the sea clouds to reflect the sunlight away from the earth so the clouds thicken and Priya

Can reflect light more. For this, some scientists are working on cooling process. It involves the release of sea salt into the ocean area via boats and ships like tiny bullets. This is likely to reduce atmospheric temperatures at the regional level.

One more remedy than the above suggested procedure. Clouds at high levels in the atmosphere are thin and therefore do not reflect the 12 cancers back into space. Traps long-wavelength radiation. If these clouds could be made even thinner, they would allow long-wavelength solar radiation to escape the atmosphere. And lowers the temperature. Solar energy can also be reflected by adding some gases to the stratosphere by pump. This created a natural process similar to the eruption of a volcano.

Sociologists and policy experts say this is a trial that needs more scrutiny. He also warned that geo-engineers should consult with locals before conducting such a study. Otherwise people will have to face the wrath.

Preventing solar energy from escaping over large areas of the earth, storing carbon dioxide underground by artificial trees, releasing sea salt from ocean areas into the atmosphere, reversing westerly winds, reversing airborne fluids Natural conditions can make many changes. Geo-engineering has many solutions to combat global warming.

Well-known solutions of geo-engineering are arranging reflectors in space, arranging reflectors in desert areas on land, arranging reflectors on land in urban areas, afforestation etc. Of course everyone's effectiveness and cost are different, everyone's risk is different.