Detailed information about petroleum and naphtha

- Industrial Guidance: Dhiru Parekh

Petroleum (crude oil) This oil is a complex mixture of paraffinic, cyclo paraffinic, naphthonic and aromatic hydrocarbons. These crude oils contain a few percent trace amounts of nitrogen and oxygen. As for crude oil, it is said to have originated from an original plant and animal source 10 to 20 million years ago.

Cracking and distillation is done with the most important petroleum fractions. Hydrocarbon gas is obtained from it. These include butane, ethane, propane, naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil, lubricating oil, paraffin wax and asphalt type ingredients.

* Substances like ethylene, butylene and propyl are found in hydrocarbon gas. Which serves as an important intermediate for industries. Other types of sources include alcohol, ethylene glycol, monomers for wide range plastics, elastomers as well as pharmaceutical benzene, phenols, toluene and xylene. In addition, bio-synthetically produced protein is also a petroleum derivation.

Incident: - About half of the world's Middle East and North Africa are fixed on the collection. And the other half of the world is the US (including Alaska), Canada, Venezuela, the USSR, Indonesia, Mexico, Romania, Australia, etc. in the North Sea area. An unexpectedly large deposit has been discovered in Mexico.

Note: The World State Authority for Petroleum's existing collection is expected to be used by 2020. This is because recovery methods such as chemical fluids, conservation and full scale development of alert energy sources will be very necessary.

Petroleum Properties: Viscose Dark Brown Liquid, Unpleasant Odor, Sp. Gravity 4-5 flash points 20-30 F.

Hazard: flammable, moderate fire risk, moderately toxic, skin irritant

Neptha: Petroleum (petroleum ether), generic term applied to refined, partially refined, or unrefined petroleum products and liquid products natural gas.

Hazard: Flammable, Fire Risk, Explosive Limit in Air 1 to 2%

Property: Boiling point 40-50 C grade, flash point - 2 fr. (-30C Grade) Auto Ignition Tempressor 20F. (2C grade), sp. Gravity 0.5

Uses: Source (by various cracking process), of gasoline, special naphtha, petroleum chemicals, ethylene, cracking for ethylene as well as produce propylene, butadine, pyrolysis, gasoline, fuel oil, source of synthetic.

Shipping Regulation (Railway-Air) Flammable Liquid Label.

Heavy (high-flash naphtha): -

Properties: Dark Red Liquid, Mixture of Xylene and Higher Homologues, Sp. Gravity 08-050, Boiling point 150-50 C grade, Flash point 100F. (2-6) C. Grade evaporation 303 minutes.

Derivation: From Coulterby Functional Distillation.

Uses: Kosaron Resin, Solvent for Asphalt, Rodtar, Cleansing Composition, Process and Graveling and Lithography, Rubber Cement (Solvent), Naphtha Soap, Menu. Of ethylene and acetic acid.

Hazard: Toxic, moderate fire risk

License: The License Under the Industries Act and Clearance from Pollution Control Board becomes required.