'James Webb Space Telescope' embarks on a journey around the universe

- Discovery-Dr. Vihari shadow

- Compared to the Hubble Space Telescope, James Webb has fifteen times wider field of view on his camera, it collects six times more light.

"Hey India, you used to see the wonders that he had never seen before." This statement was made by Lord Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita to Lord Arjuna while showing his worldview. This universe is full of many wonders. There are many secrets hidden in the vastness of its space and the immense depth of time.

The universe is weird-poor. Strange things happen in it. So the question is when and how was the universe born? And what was the situation like then? According to one of the accepted arguments so far, the universe was the starting point. And its temperature was infinite. It exploded and began to expand. This event occurred 12.5 billion years ago. This is called 'Big Bang' theory. We need to know what happened immediately after the 'Big Bang'? Here we want to know what was the first process after the birth of the universe? Scientists believe that there may have been an exponential expansion of the universe in an unknown energy field. Exponential expansion means that the universe would have expanded extremely rapidly during the course of time. According to scientists, approximately the origin of the universe, that is, after the Big Bang, must have expanded from one trillion billionths of a second to one trillion billionths of a second. Of course from birth it began to expand. What was then the radiation energy of the universe is the boundary of the universe today. The secret of the beginning of the universe is hidden in this radiation. The history of the universe can tell. But how do we get the remnants of the birth of the universe? Space telescopes have been set up to find out and some on Earth are also bound to solve this mystery.

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a space telescope developed by NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). According to NASA's flagship program called 'Astrophysics Mission', it will be the successor to the Hubble Telescope, which is scheduled to be launched on December 16, 2021 by the Ariane 3 launch vehicle. It will be able to provide better infrared resolution and sensitivity than the Hubble Telescope and will enable it in a wide range of astronomical and cosmological investigations, including observing some of the farthest phenomena and objects in the universe, such as the formation of first galaxies Includes detailed atmospheric analysis.

Construction of the James Webb Space Telescope was completed in late 2012, after which its extensive testing phase began. In March 2015, NASA delayed the launch as the telescope's sunshield ruptured. The re-launch date was delayed in June 2016 following the recommendations of the Independent Review Board. Work on the integration and testing of the telescope was suspended in March 2020 due to the Kovid-12 epidemic, and after work resumed, the launch date has now been set for December 15, 2021.

His name is James E. The web is based on NASA administrators from 191 to 19 and who played a key role in the Apollo program. It is the most powerful space telescope ever to break the limits of human engineering. On December 16, after years of delays and billions of dollars, it will begin its journey around the universe.

The James Webb Telescope is an observatory. It will especially search for the infrared light of the early stars or galaxies. Compared to the Hubble Space Telescope, James Webb has an 18 times wider field of view on his camera, collects six times more light, and his sensors are tuned to be more sensitive to infrared light.

Some of the biggest unanswered questions about the universe relate to the early years after the Big Bang. When did the first stars and galaxies form? What happened first and why? Etc. The strategy of the James Webb Telescope would be to observe a portion of the sky as deep as possible and collect as much light and information as possible from the farthest and oldest galaxies possible. To use that light to observe the universe farther than ever before, to discover the first stars and galaxies formed after the Big Bang, to better understand how planets, stars and galaxies are born and evolved over time, to explore distant worlds and to study our solar system. And determining the probability of life on planets around other stars.

The James Webb Telescope will use the first light coming from the universe to study each phase of cosmic history. The first light will be an infrared light, invisible to the human eye. Infrared light, that is, light whose wavelength is longer than that of red light. There are many types of light around us: the rainbow of light we can see, and many other types - such as X-rays, infrared, microwaves, radio waves - that are invisible to the human eye.

Certain types of objects, such as planets and distant galaxies, shine most brightly in infrared light. The four scientific instruments of the telescope are specifically designed to capture such invisible light and to study various celestial phenomena such as exoplanets, red dwarf stars and black holes. Will be able to see the cross.

The primary mirror of this telescope is 4.5 meters wide, which makes it the largest space-based telescope ever. The mirror is made up of 12 hexagonal gold-coated beryllium segments. His sunshield, which is meant to protect him from the heat of the sun, will be the height of a tennis court. One of the instruments on the web will also have a refrigeration system to keep it cool, as the sun's heat (and the web's own equipment) would otherwise interfere with the telescope's observations. Large radio antennas spread around the world will receive web transmitter signals and forward them to the Web Science and Operations Center at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, USA.

The James Webb Telescope is so large that it would need to be folded like a piece of origami to fit into an Ariane 2 rocket to launch into space. It will take about two weeks for the web to fully unfold and another two weeks to reach its destination. In addition to orbiting the sun, the web will make a tight orbit around a point in space called lagrenj ૨ or n૨. This point is located 1.5 million kilometers away from the Earth. Its remote location would enable the James Webb Telescope to see much farther into the universe than the Hubble Space Telescope.